Thursday, October 30, 2025

新华社连发三篇署名文章!“钟台文”宣告台湾统一战略进入 “主动塑造” 新阶段?

书:日军冈字第九四二〇部队 ( published 2025) ISBN:9787214296092

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📚书名:《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》💉🦠🧫
💰售价:RM 49.90
👫作者:[新加坡]林少彬、王选 编著  
🏢出版:江苏人民出版社
📆年份:2025年
📕装帧:精装
📖开本:16开
📄页数:276页
📁类别:二战史 
🖋️ISBN:9787214296092
_______________
🧑‍🤝‍🧑作者:
★林少彬
        马新历史学者,1957年生于新加坡。80年考获奖学金留学日本,前后旅居十年。

Information source :
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1CNcNPCwG6/



______________
📚书名:《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》💉🦠🧫
💰售价:RM 49.90
👫作者:[新加坡]林少彬、王选 编著  
🏢出版:江苏人民出版社
📆年份:2025年
📕装帧:精装
📖开本:16开
📄页数:276页
📁类别:二战史 
🖋️ISBN:9787214296092
_______________
🧑‍🤝‍🧑作者:
★林少彬
        马新历史学者,1957年生于新加坡。80年考获奖学金留学日本,前后旅居十年。



早安 2025-10-30

书名:《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》

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______________
📚书名:《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》💉🦠🧫
💰售价:RM 49.90
👫作者:[新加坡]林少彬、王选 编著  
🏢出版:江苏人民出版社
📆年份:2025年
📕装帧:精装
📖开本:16开
📄页数:276页
📁类别:二战史 
🖋️ISBN:9787214296092
_______________
🧑‍🤝‍🧑作者:
★林少彬
        马新历史学者,1957年生于新加坡。80年考获奖学金留学日本,前后旅居十年。
=====

https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1CNcNPCwG6/

#日军冈字第9420部队 🦠#细菌战 #二战史 #人体实验 #731部队 #医疗卫生 #鼠疫🐀
🦠 日军“冈9420部队”是731部队新加坡分部的代号,统管泰国、印尼、菲律宾、马来西亚等地的细菌战网络❗

🦠 日军“冈字9420部队”是太平洋战争期间组建 的南方军防疫给水部,属于日军五大固定细菌战部队之一。1944年,该部队已具备生产🐀鼠疫跳蚤等细菌的能力❗  

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📚书籍内容:

案例三:1945年3月,马来亚/太平

        以下是南方军的一宗BC级战争犯罪案,是目前东南亚唯一有官方记录的人体实验罪案,四名日军被告之中的三名军医被判终身监禁。马来西亚学者 Marina Abdul Majid在2018年6月发表的研究论文①,以及大英档案馆的档案记载了当年罪案发生的始末。

        案情发生于1945年马来亚霹雳州太平市(Taiping),被害者是一名被判了绞刑(死刑)的陈姓华裔男子,英军档案中的姓名是:Chan Pak,当时的太平市是日军第二十九军司令部所在地,司令官为石黑贞藏中将。

        在马来亚,有一称为“沙盖族”的少数民族,善于利用一种当地人俗称 “太平树”的树液来当毒药,涂抹在吹镖之上,用来猎取小鸟(图4-13)。

        陈氏于1945年3月16日在霹雳州被日军法院判绞刑之后,被送往太平监狱(Taiping Jail)等待执行。3月23日,根据目击证人 A. C. Kathigesu医生证词,日军把一个木制十字架和医疗器具搬入了行刑室。在行刑室里已经摆好了一张桌子和显微镜,接着,被害人就被带了进去。

        四名被告为第二十九军M. 大坪大佐、H.本条少佐、D、宇都宮大尉和 T. 袴田大尉。其中。袴田大尉和宇都宫大尉两人都承认他们是这项人体实验的负责人,并且供述被害者是在被注射“太平毒”之后20分钟内死亡。可是整个人体实验时间为三至四个小时,而且有目击证人看到日军军官拿着有血的试管来回进出行刑室。

        人体实验结束之后,负责把陈氏尸体搬运去太平间的两名医生,监狱医 Arasaradnam 和 Kathigesu 两人均供述:并不见一般绞刑之后遗留在死者颈项下的痕迹,却在腕关节和踝关节发现有挫伤,皮肤上和窝肘有刺孔等,这些痕迹令两位医生都认为被害者的死因是大量失血所致。

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        《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》以已经公开的“冈9420部队”留守名簿和目前发现该部队的70篇防疫研究论文,以及该部队成员投稿日军军医学校的30多篇防疫研究论文等为基础,揭示了日军从中国战场“南进”东南亚一带,参谋本部任命驻南京中防疫给水部部队长增田知贞负责组建“南方军防疫给水部”,扩大日军细菌部队布局的罪恶行径。

        本书为关于日军冈字九四二〇部队的完整研究,汇集日本、英国、澳大利亚等地有关该部队的各种史料,并梳理了该部队在东南亚各国的组织机构状况。

______________
📚书名:《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》💉🦠🧫
💰售价:RM 49.90
👫作者:[新加坡]林少彬、王选 编著  
🏢出版:江苏人民出版社
📆年份:2025年
📕装帧:精装
📖开本:16开
📄页数:276页
📁类别:二战史 
🖋️ISBN:9787214296092
_______________
🧑‍🤝‍🧑作者:
★林少彬
        马新历史学者,1957年生于新加坡。80年考获奖学金留学日本,前后旅居十年。

♦延伸阅读🔗
https://www.oushinet.com/static/content/international/guojinews/2025-06-18/1384888527153668322.html

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📝目录:
引言
🦠第一章 设立部队
第一节 编队的军令.
第二节 卫生材料
第三节 增田知贞与日军“ホ号作战”

🦠第二章 新加坡总部及马来亚支部
第一节 新加坡总部
第二节 马来亚支部

🦠第三章 东南亚支部
第一节 东南亚的文献状况
第二节 爪哇支部
第三节 马尼拉支部
第四节 印度 支部
第五节 泰国支部
第六节 缅甸
第七节 南方军防疫给水部组织系统

🦠第四章 细菌战准备及过程
第一节 研究报告
第二节 人体实验
第三节 日本海军的“特设防疫班”
第四节 “ホ号作战”准备

🦠第五章 隐姓埋名
第一节 日本投降后的东南亚状况
第二节 英军要求日军“自律”期间
第三节 英军的军政管理期间
第四节 美国调查官桑德斯的报告
第五节 东南亚各地设施
第六节 南方军防疫给水部留守名簿和人数
第七节 人和本地人
第八节 真假证明书
结语

🦠附录
附录1 增田知贞发表《细菌战》
附录2 已发现的《南方军防疫给水部业报丙》42篇论文一览
附录3 《陆军医学院防疫研究报告2部》之中的南方军研究论22篇
附录4 《南方军防疫给水部业报丙》目前已知执笔者名和论题目,但是还未找到论文本文的27篇
附录5 海军军医学校研究部《研究调查结果报告》论文的明细空状况

后记

新加坡学者林少彬:与时间赛跑揭秘二战日军细菌战罪行2025-06-18 中新社

欧洲时报网 >> 国际新闻

新加坡学者林少彬:与时间赛跑揭秘二战日军细菌战罪行
2025-06-18 中新社

“这是系统性国家犯罪,暴行不仅针对中国,更覆盖多个亚洲国家。”新加坡学者、《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》一书作者林少彬说,“冈9420部队”是731部队新加坡分部的代号,统管泰国、印尼、菲律宾、马来西亚等地的细菌战网络。

林少彬已致力于二战历史研究逾40年,足迹遍布三大洲,累计购入3000余件关于日军二战罪行的文献,其中很大一部分涉及日军细菌战部队“冈9420部队”。

近日,回马来西亚祭祖的林少彬在马六甲接受了中新社的采访。他向记者展示了11份“冈9420部队”的档案照片,揭示出二战期间日军在东南亚研发细菌武器的隐秘历史;在另一张泛黄的地图上,他指着马来西亚瓜拉庇劳(Kuala Pilah)纬度线说:“这里年均气温27℃,湿度较大,是大量培育鼠疫跳蚤的‘天然工厂’。”

据他考证,日军曾在马来西亚淡杯、马六甲、瓜拉庇劳和印尼万隆秘密繁殖老鼠和跳蚤。后来,新加坡被日军当作量产毒跳蚤的基地,通过马来亚铁路将感染鼠疫的活蚤装入玻璃瓶封口之后运往曼谷。日本还曾经策划“HO号”作战(日文:ホ号作戦),对美国发动黑死病攻击。

近日,林少彬在马六甲接受中新社采访。(图片来源:中新社)

在全球首部聚焦二战后各同盟国对日本BC(乙丙)级战犯审判的纪录片《亚太战争审判》中,收录了林少彬多年来的研究成果。林少彬表示,“根据目前研究的医学实验报告原件,日军细菌战部队大量培养传染性病菌,其中伤寒、疟疾、鼠疫三种病比较多。”

林少彬和浙江省历史学会抗日战争史研究会会长王选耗时5年共同写作的《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》一书,于今年5月正式出版。书中收录的1942年日军文件记录了驻南京的“荣1644部队”曾执行731部队的南方战略,在东南亚各地设置“冈9420部队”支部。林少彬说,“冈9420部队”获日本裕仁天皇批准成立,总部即设于新加坡中央医院的医学院旧址。

他指着《桑德斯报告》(二战后美军对日本细菌战情况进行调查后形成的系列报告之一)中的一页介绍说:“731部队在新加坡设立的实验室不仅繁殖鼠蚤传播鼠疫,还培育天花病毒、疟疾、寄生虫和破伤风细菌。根据日本国家档案馆资料,当时曾在新加坡中央医院实验室工作的人员约850人,加上本地招募者,总数或超千人。”

今年68岁的林少彬原本与历史研究无涉,学生时代是曾获日本庆应大学奖学金的技术新锐。人生转折始于1980年,他从祖母口中得知,祖父林揆义因参与创办马来亚光复后的首份中文报纸《大众报》,在1945年被日军以“反日”罪名杀害,年仅37岁。

“当时,日军宪兵冲进琼州会馆,抓走了祖父和其他13名华人。”林少彬拿出一张《大众报》的版面照片——这份只存在了一天的报纸定格在1945年9月4日,日本正式宣布接受《波茨坦公告》无条件投降后的第19天。由此,林少彬毅然将数据库专长投向了历史研究领域。

如今,林少彬仍坚持每天8小时以上的研究工作时间,但凡发现史料线索,必亲赴现场考证。在他眼中,每份史料都是日军历史罪行的无声证词。

今年4月,林少彬曾赴二战日军“秘密战”研究中心日本登户研究所,拜访年逾八旬的明治大学登户研究所展示专门委员渡边贤二。面对知情者日渐凋零的现实,林少彬说:“我是在和时间赛跑,慢一步,历史就少一块拼图。”

“我的祖父没留下一件遗物,但历史不会因销毁而消失。”林少彬表示,中国人民抗日战争胜利暨世界反法西斯战争胜利已经80年了,“有关日军细菌战研究仍存诸多空白,大家还需要不断地挖掘,不停地研究,填补这些裂缝”。

(编辑:夏莹)  

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张曦娜:湮灭的历史——冈九四二〇部队


张曦娜:湮灭的历史——冈九四二〇部队
https://www.zaobao.com.sg/lifestyle/columns/story20251030-7727755?utm_source=android-share&utm_medium=app

2025-10-30
联合早报

====
收到林少彬的新书,单看书名《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》 不明所以,于是请教作者。


真是不说不知。少彬告诉我,所谓“冈字第九四二〇部队”,是日本于二战期间,在新加坡设立的细菌战部队。这个部队主要负责饲养实验鼠、培养染有鼠疫杆菌的毒跳蚤,再运往东南亚其他地区。

当年日军侵略中国设下的“七三一部队”,以生产细菌武器广为人知,臭名昭著。叫人惊讶的是,这个以大量细菌武器震骇世人的部队,竟也曾在新加坡设立支队,就在昔日的英皇爱德华七世医学院,今日中央医院内的医药学院大楼。

早在1925年“日内瓦公约”已明令禁止在战争中使用毒性气体、液体、材料以及细菌战,但二战时,日本仍大规模使用生化武器,也即细菌战,且这80年来有意掩盖细菌战真相。

认识少彬多年 ,知道他的祖父林揆义于1945年在马六甲“九五惨案”中遭日军杀害,家族的不幸遭遇,使他在年少时即萌生收集二战史料的想法,数十年来坚持研究二战及日占时期的新加坡与东南亚历史 。

少彬也是日本通,年轻时获奖学金到日本庆应大学学理工。在日本留学及工作10年后回到新加坡,又长期在日资企业上班,退休前为索尼集团亚太区高管,曾担任集团新加坡子公司的软件研发所所长。

旅日十年,林少彬因为上班的关系,经常出入日本著名的神田书店街,在书店街来去间,养成逛旧书店的习惯,还成了其中一间书店秦川堂的常客,书店老板不但与他成了老友,还不时为他保留珍贵二战文献资料。

少彬告诉我,有关冈九四二〇部队的记录,新马两地,不论官方或民间,寥寥无几。这天下午,听他说起这一路来研究冈九四二〇部队的经过,越听越觉得,仿佛“冥冥中有安排”,使他在调研的过程中,总有贵人相助与指点。

少彬首先谈起他研究冈九四二〇部队的引路人:一位他在祖父坟前巧遇的日本反战人士高岛伸欣教授 。2016年2月14日,高岛伸欣夫妇把林少彬带到新山市郊的淡杯小镇,来到淡杯精神病院旧址,指着那一整排建筑物告诉他说,这里是二战时日本七三一部队的生产基地,日军在这里大量生产鼠疫毒蚤。

高岛此话一出,林少彬简直惊呆了。七三一部队听多了,没想到就在新马的土地上,竟也曾设立这臭名昭彰的部队,而大家竟一无所知。

读了林少彬的著作,我才知道,冈九四二〇部队在马来半岛设立多个基地,单单只是柔佛州,除淡杯之外,也在拉央拉央、拉美士设下老鼠养殖场。日军占用的淡杯精神病院占地广阔,足以从事不可告人的黑色活动,日军就在那里养殖鼠疫毒蚤。

淡杯归来,少彬的调研工作有了新的方向,他每天下班后,就投入到日本细菌战的研究工作中。在高岛伸欣的引荐下,他又结识了日本和平团体“亚洲论坛”横滨代表吉池俊子,得到她的邀请,连续三年出席这项和平座谈会。

在座谈会上,少彬通过日本友人介绍,于2018年在上海认识中国历史研究者王选。王选长期从事日军细菌战史料查证工作,2002年,曾带领180名细菌战受害者起诉日本政府。

在王选的推荐下,林少彬的研究获得与南京大学“日军细菌战海内外资料整理与研究”项目团队的合作,让他积累多年的收藏和研究得以整理成学术论文。

《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》 由林少彬与王选合著。他们以彼此共同的,尊重历史的信念,记录下鲜为人知的,冈九四二〇部队在新马的种种罪证。

据我所知,少彬不但长期耗时费力搜寻史料,且经常不惜高价,自费收购相关文物,他至今收藏的二战史料已逾5000件,其中约2000件有关新加坡的历史文物捐给了新加坡国家图书馆,包括地图、书籍、报纸、海报、明信片等。不久前,他在中国驻新加坡大使馆,捐赠64份日本侵华相关史料给中国历史研究院图书档案馆。这批史料均来自日本,主要涉及中国战场。

多年来上下求索,少彬的研究成果终于引起关注,今年10月17日,日本东京电视台根据《日军冈字第九四二〇部队》摄制成日语纪录片,告诉日本观众:日军七三一部队曾经在新加坡设立总部及东南亚支部,生产鼠疫跳蚤炸弹。冈九四二〇部队,这段几乎被湮灭的历史终于慢慢浮出台面。

Wednesday, October 29, 2025

教我如何不选边

吴俊刚专栏

*教我如何不选边?*

https://www.zaobao.com.sg/forum/views/story20251029-7732869?utm_source=android-share&utm_medium=app

联合早报
2025-10-29

======

  一说到选边站,人们立马会想到是指在中国和美国之间选边站。其实,若上一层楼看,当今世界各国须要选站的“边”比这更重大,并非简单的事秦还是事楚而已。

  这必须从现在世界秩序正在发生重大的转折说起。黄循财总理最近接受英国《金融时报》总编辑哈拉夫女士(Roula Khalaf)专访时说,全球正在向一个“后美国”秩序和多极世界过渡。由于美国不再愿意担任国际秩序的担保人,目前也没有任何国家有能力或意愿填补美国留下的空缺,这个过程会是“混乱且难以预期”的。我们或可补充说,在这样的乱局中,各国都面对艰难的路径选择。

  许多旧的规则已被破坏或不再适用,新的规则却尚未确立。接下来各国必须准备面对更多的动荡不安。现在的情况是美国要独善其身,走单边主义,中国则力有未逮或没有意愿当世界老大,所以,世界陷入群龙无首的境地。这个混乱的过渡期可能会持续好几年甚至十几年。那各国要何去何从?跟随单边,还是维护多边?这是个重大的选择题。

  一个没有领袖的世界,用全球政治风险咨询公司欧亚集团(Eurasia Group)总裁伊恩·布雷默(Ian Bremmer)的话说,是G零(G-Zero)時代,就像是在大海航行的巨轮顿然失去了方向。加上美国和中国博弈和摩擦日益剧烈,原本的基于规则的世界秩序崩溃,如何重置,也是各国必须做出选择的大课题。

  所谓的G零是相对于G7(七国集团)和G20(二十国集团)而言。其实,在美国奥巴马总统时代,也曾出现过G2(意指美国和中国)的概念。俄罗斯也曾一度被纳入G7而出现过短暂的G8。俱往矣。但问题来了,谁能引领世界前行?我们有个联合国,但它根本起不了这样的作用。那各国该怎么办?不管怎么说,世界大棋局的重新洗牌已在发生。

  美国原本是秩序和规则的制定者,现在却反过来成了鄙弃者和破坏者。其他国家,包括本来被视为可能的自由世界秩序破坏者,现在反而都成了现有秩序的维护者。这明明白白已形成对立的两边,该选哪一边?这是个不能不做的选择。对多数国家而言,在一个早已紧密相互依存的世界里,实际上并没有什么选择可言,唯一可行的是继续合作,维护自由贸易和多边主义。

  大家都说世界将进入一个多极时代,问题是如何能在这样一个世界里继续共存共荣?所谓多极,就是没有一个江湖盟主,而是有好几个霸主。如果每个霸主都各自为政,并设法形成自己的势力范围,世界将陷入更危险的分裂状态。世界该如何避免陷入这样的窘境?要如何安全地过渡到人人预料必将到来的多极世界?这个多极世界又该基于什么新的秩序和规则运作?多极世界本身并不能自然形成大家能接受和遵循的新规则。谁能制定新的规则?这是所有国家都须面对的全球治理大课题。

  《易经·乾卦》上说:  “见群龙无首,吉。”这句话有不同的解释,但关键也许在于说,这是个关系重大的转变阶段,如果掌握得好,应变得当,那就是吉利的。所以,该如何应变,是各国必须认真研究的大课题。截至目前为止,我们可以看到两种可喜的发展趋势。一是如中国等大国提出的全球治理倡议,另一则是像新加坡等小国在进行的新多边合作倡议。

  过去几年来,中国其实已提出好几个倡议,包括全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议和全球治理倡议等。这些倡议所突出的一个共同点就是人类命运共同体,具有天下大同的理想,强调各国共存共荣,多边合作,发展机遇普惠。理论上,这是难以拒绝的倡议,虽然要把理论付诸实践,肯定还需要时间和功夫。但如果各国都能循这样的思路寻求未来的道路,何尝不是一件好事。如果把这类倡议与单边主义和保护主义摆在一起供选择,教人怎能不选择前者?

  就目前各国的反应来看,多边合作、自由贸易、和平共荣才是世界大势所趋,人心所向。因此,有包括印度尼西亚在内的更多国家,选择加入上海合作组织。尽管美国一再退群,中国则选择加入《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP),继续大力推动减碳。最近,北京也以行动表现大国担当,宣布中国作为负责任的发展中大国,在世界贸易组织当前和未来的谈判中,不再寻求新的特殊和差别待遇。黄循财总理也指出,过去几年来,中国也加大对各个全球组织的支持力度。这些实际行动,肯定能为北京赢得更多的认可以及对世界事务的话语权,进一步削弱退群者的影响力。

  新加坡这个小国向来是个务实的行动派。因此,黄总理强调,在目前的情况下,新加坡不能被动地等待事情发生,或期待船到桥头自然直。新加坡现在就必须采取行动,做好规划,并和其他理念相同的国家一起投资,应对全球共同议题,同时建立新的经贸联系,维持自由贸易的势头。他认为,各国也必须马上采取行动,为新的多边框架打下根基。与此同时,也须设法强化并振兴世贸组织等现有机构,以及探索新的合作路径。

  坐言起行,实例之一是我国今年9月与文莱、智利、哥斯达黎加、冰岛、列支敦士登、摩洛哥、新西兰、挪威、巴拿马、卢旺达、瑞士、阿拉伯联合酋长国和乌拉圭等13个中小规模经济体伙伴国,宣布建立“未来投资与贸易合作伙伴关系”,共同推进开放和公平的贸易。伙伴关系旨在成为一个开展贸易相关合作的“灵活平台”,合作内容包括加强供应链、消除非关税贸易壁垒、便利投资以及整合新兴技术。

  是这些大小国家之间的合作,还是美国与其他国家之间的关税战和贸易战会成为未来世界的主流?答案看来很明显。各国表面上都说不选边,实际上已经做了明确的选择,因为贸易战和关税战并不符合绝大多数国家的利益,否则的话,像加拿大这样的国家,就不会和华盛顿发生如此激烈的摩擦。

  美国总统特朗普最近突然决定,将把美国对加拿大的关税提高10%,以回应加拿大安大略省发布的反关税广告。安大略省政府近日在美国各电视台投放电视广告,引用已故美国总统里根1987年演讲中的一段话,警告对外国进口商品征收高额关税,可能对美国经济造成不良影响。结果这个广告激怒特朗普,立即宣布终止与加拿大的关税谈判。

  很多人也许会觉得,这种完全罔顾国际规则的国际关系处理手法简直形同儿戏,不可理喻,也肯定非世界大势之所趋。世界各国终究必须选择站在浩浩荡荡的世界发展大势一边,也就是更加密切的合作,而不是树立壁垒,退群拆伙。

作者是前新闻工作者、前国会议员

吴俊刚

Meet the real screen addicts: The elderly

*Meet the real screen addicts: The elderly*

https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/meet-the-real-screen-addicts-the-elderly
2025-10-28

The Economist 

=====

Hundreds of teenagers, sometimes strong-armed by their parents, have trooped through the doors of Britain’s National Centre for Gaming Disorders since it opened in 2019. Yet lately the publicly funded clinic has admitted a steady trickle of rather different patients.

Its specialists in video game addiction have so far treated 67 people over the age of 40. The oldest, with an obsession for games on her smartphone, was 72.

Something approaching a moral panic has taken hold in many countries over the impact of digital technology on young people. Professor Jonathan Haidt, a social psychologist and author, speaks of an “anxious generation” of youngsters whose childhood is being stolen by smartphones and social apps.

Schools increasingly demand that phones are kept in lockers or at home. Parent-run groups such as “Smartphone Free Childhood” preach abstinence. In December, Australia will ban under-16s from using social media.

Yet a less noticed explosion in screen time is happening within a different generation.

As today’s 60-somethings, already familiar with digital technology, enter retirement, time spent on smart devices is shooting up among the elderly. Some older adults “are increasingly living their lives through their phones, the way teenagers or adolescents sometimes do”, says Dr Ipsit Vahia, head of the Technology and Ageing Laboratory at McLean Hospital, part of Harvard Medical School. The digital habits that have transformed the teenage years are now coming to old age.

The elderly have long been champion television-watchers. Free time, immobility and isolation are a recipe for spending hours in front of the box: In 2024, over-75s in Britain spent more than 5½ hours a day watching broadcast TV, a good five hours more than those aged 16 to 24, according to media regulator Ofcom.

Older people have traditionally lagged behind when it comes to digital technology. A decade ago, only a fifth of Americans over 65 owned a smartphone. That is changing. The newly retired, most of whom have been online since middle age, are among the most enthusiastic adopters of digital gadgets. Over-65s are more likely than under-25s to own tablets, smart TVs, e-readers, and desktop and laptop computers, according to a survey by GWI, a research firm.

Tech companies have identified oldies as a growing market. Apple makes earphones that double as hearing aids, and watches that can carry out electrocardiograms or call an ambulance if the wearer falls. (Partly as a result of this, 17 per cent of over-65s now own a smartwatch.)

The next generation of pensioners looks as if it will be even keener on digital gadgets: Nearly a fifth of 55-year-olds to 64-year-olds own a games console. Retirement is starting to look a lot less about golf and more about Grand Theft Auto.

As ownership of digital devices becomes more common, older people’s screen time is growing. Rather than replacing time spent on other media, phones and tablets seem to be adding to the daily total.

Over the past decade, TV and radio consumption among people in their 50s and 60s has held steady, while time spent on social media, gaming and audio streaming has increased.

Ofcom found that in 2024, Britons over 65 spent more than three hours a day online on smartphones, computers and tablets.

That is half as much as those aged 18 to 24. But, combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than do young adults.

In countries where the trend is most advanced, people are starting to worry about elderly smartphone users in the same way that they worry about teens. A study in 2022 in South Korea, which has among the highest rates of smartphone usage in the world, estimated that 15 per cent of those aged 60 to 69 were at risk of phone addiction (based on whether they agreed with statements such as “Every time I try to reduce my smartphone usage time, I fail”). Research from Japan found that screen time was associated with less physical activity among the elderly. A survey of over-60s in China linked it to worse sleep.


Telly and tea

Establishing causation is difficult. Screens may tempt seniors to be more sedentary – or it may be that they spend more time on their phones precisely because they are sofa-bound. Psychology professor Pete Etchells at Bath Spa University points out that his own screen time recently spiked after he was laid up in hospital for a couple of weeks. “If you’d taken my iPad away, I can tell you that I would still have been as immobile – and orders of magnitude more miserable,” he says.

Older people face some online risks that other vulnerable groups do not. Unlike most teenagers, their phones and tablets are often linked to their bank accounts. “Microtransactions” within games – so-called loot boxes and the like – can drain wallets.

So can fraudsters, who are able to contact and rob their victims within the same app. In poor and middle-income countries especially, older people have embraced WhatsApp for everything from communications to shopping, says McLean Hospital’s Dr Vahia – “and WhatsApp is also the platform of choice for scammers as a result”.

The elderly also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day, teachers police teens’ phone usage, while parents do the nagging in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses; they may not have someone to steer them towards help if they need it.

“With older people, sometimes there is no one around, or if there is then no one really notices what they’re up to on their computer,” says Professor Henrietta Bowden-Jones, who runs Britain’s gaming clinic.

More On This Topic

How to bring a smile to the face of your lonely, old neighbour

‘Too young to retire’ – that’s a little personal, isn’t it?

Elderly people are much less likely than the young to complain to their doctor of phone addiction, says Dr Vahia. But in some cases, screen time is what lies behind other, more obvious problems in older patients, he says. His clinic has treated some elderly people whose insomnia turned out to be rooted in a fear of online scams; in others, anxiety turned out to be caused by doom-scrolling on social media.

Alarming and misleading news may be a particular threat to the elderly, who are twice as likely as under-25s to use news apps or websites. A recent paper by Professor Hunt Allcott of Stanford University and colleagues found that giving up Facebook led to modest improvements in mental health for users of all ages. The beneficial effect was more than twice as large in the older half of their volunteer group as it was among the younger ones.

Yet a boom in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. From Zoom-powered church services to online yoga classes and remote book clubs, the connective power of the internet is especially valuable to those who struggle to get out.

Prof Bowden-Jones believes that for people forced to stay at home, because they feel unable to get out or because they can no longer drive, the ability to follow pursuits online “is just so wonderful”. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming passes the time. Spotify and YouTube are nostalgia machines that bring childhood music and video rushing back.

Screen-mad elderly people also have some advantages over teens. Whereas smartphones can come between young people and real-life relationships, older people have already made the key social connections in their life. “They have well-formed behaviours, well-formed relationships, well-formed ways of communication. Smartphones can often enhance them,” says Dr Vahia.


Netflix and sit still

For those who end up overdoing it, the consequences are probably less severe than they would be for a teenager. Unlike alcohol or gambling addictions, in which the person risks losing their health or their house, the main danger of screen addiction is simply losing hours of time.

For a young person, that could mean failed exams or lost jobs. For someone in retirement, spare time is abundant.

There is even some fresh evidence that digital devices may help older people to stay mentally fit. Past research has suggested that excessive screen time impairs concentration and memory, leading to what some have dubbed “digital dementia”.

More On This Topic

Must we rush our seniors into using technology?

People in their 50s shouldn’t feel there is no career runway left

Yet in April, a meta-analysis of studies on more than 400,000 older adults found that over-50s who regularly used digital devices had lower rates of cognitive decline than those who did not. (Though causation remains elusive: It may simply be that those who are mentally alert use their devices more often than those who are losing it.)

Older people’s enthusiasm for digital technology shows no sign of slowing down. The next frontier may be virtual reality (VR), which allows the housebound to enjoy immersive excursions to whatever place or time they want to visit.

Dr Vahia recently arranged for an 85-year-old patient with depression to be given a VR walk-through that started at her childhood home and took her to her elementary school. It rekindled dormant memories that helped to resolve decades-old conflicts. For better or worse, seniors’ screen time has much further to grow. © 2025 THE ECONOMIST NEWSPAPER LIMITED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

早安 2025-10-29

Tuesday, October 28, 2025

深度19分:中國改革開放的夥伴 新加坡

My Weight Statistics (2025-10-28) - My Monthly Weight Measurement on the 28th of Each Month Since 28 May 2007.




My Weight Statistics (2025-10-28) -  My Monthly Weight Measurement on the 28th of Each Month Since 28 May 2007.

My 18-year Weight Management Records from 2007-05-28 to 2025-10-28 (by Calorie Restriction, i.e. Dietary Energy Restriction):


My 18-year Weight Management Records from 2007-05-28 to 2025-10-28 (by Calorie Restriction, i.e. Dietary Energy Restriction):

Note: According to the Singapore Health Promotion Board, a Healthy BMI is greater than18.5 and less than 23.0. A BMI less than 18.5 would mean that the individual is at risk of nutrition deficiency diseases and osteoporosis. 

A BMI equal or greater than 23.0 would mean that the individual is at risk of obesity-related diseases. (Ref: DD-Md2022J28)

As of 2025-10-28,

Note: ### indicates BMI = 23 or > 23

Total number of Monthly Weight monitored was 221 (100%)

The no. of times my healthy BMI between 18.5 and 22.9 was 216 (97.737%)

The no. of times my unhealthy BMI equal or more than 23.000 was 5 (2.263%)

=======================

2007

2007-05-28 morning, my weight = 65.0 kg, BMI = 23.588###

2007-06-28 morning, my weight = 61.0 kg, BMI = 22.136

2007-07-28 morning, my weight = 59.0 kg, BMI = 21.410

2007-08-28 morning, my weight = 58.7 kg, BMI = 21.302

2007-09-28 morning, my weight = 57.5 kg, BMI = 20.866

2007-10-28 morning, my weight = 57.5 kg, BMI = 20.866

2007-11-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2007-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2008

2008-01-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2008-02-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2008-03-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-04-28 morning, my weight = 54.4 kg, BMI = 19.741

2008-05-28 morning, my weight = 54.1 kg, BMI = 19.632

2008-06-28 morning, my weight = 54.6 kg, BMI = 19.814

2008-07-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-08-28 morning, my weight = 54.3 kg, BMI = 19.705

2008-09-28 morning, my weight = 54.9 kg, BMI = 19.923

2008-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.3 kg, BMI = 20.068

2008-11-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2009

2009-01-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2009-02-28 morning, my weight = 55.9 kg, BMI = 20.285

2009-03-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2009-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.3 kg, BMI = 20.068

2009-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104.

2009-06-28 morning, my weight = 55.2 kg, BMI = 20.031

2009-07-28 morning, my weight = 55.1 kg, BMI = 19.995

2009-08-28 morning, my weight = 55.2 kg, BMI = 20.031

2009-09-28 morning, my weight = 56.3 kg, BMI = 20.431

2009-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2009-11-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2009-12-28 morning, my weight = 56.1 kg, BMI = 20.358

2010

2010-01-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2010-02-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2010-03-28 morning, my weight = 56.4 kg, BMI = 20.467

2010-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.7 kg, BMI = 20.213

2010-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.1 kg, BMI = 19.995

2010-06-28 morning, my weight = 56.4 kg, BMI = 20.467

2010-07-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2010-08-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2010-09-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2010-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104

2010-11-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2010-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2011

2011-01-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104

2011-02-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2011-03-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2011-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.7 kg, BMI = 20.213

2011-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2011-06-28 morning, my weight = 56.3 kg, BMI = 20.431

2011-07-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2011-08-28 morning, my weight = 56.9 kg, BMI = 20.649

2011-09-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2011-10-28 morning, my weight = 56.8 kg, BMI = 20.613

2011-11-28 morning, my weight = 59.0 kg, BMI = 21.410

2011-12-28 morning, my weight = 60.3 kg, BMI = 21.882

2012

2012-01-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2012-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2012-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.5 kg, BMI = 22.681

2012-04-28 morning, my weight = 61.3 kg, BMI = 22.246

2012-05-28 morning, my weight = 60.7 kg, BMI = 22.028

2012-06-28 morning, my weight = 60.6 kg, BMI = 21.992

2012-07-28 morning, my weight = 61.2 kg, BMI = 22.209

2012-08-28 morning, my weight = 60.8 kg, BMI = 22.064

2012-09-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318**

2012-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2012-11-28 morning, my weight = 63.4 kg, BMI = 23.008###

2012-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2013

2013-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2013-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2013-03-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2013-04-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg, BMI = 22.899****

2013-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2013-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2013-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2013-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg BMI = 22.717

2013-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg BMI = 22.645**

2013-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2013-11-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg BMI = 22.899

2013-12-28 morning, my weight = 64.4 kg BMI = 23.371###

2014

2014-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.6 kg, BMI = 23.080###

2014-02-28 morning, my weight = 63.3 kg, BMI = 22.971

2014-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2014-06-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg BMI = 22.899

2014-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2014-09-28 morning, my weight = 61.2 kg, BMI = 22.209

2014-10-28 morning, my weight = 61.4 kg, BMI = 22.282

2014-11-28 morning, my weight = 60.2 kg, BMI = 21.846

2014-12-28 morning, my weight = 60.8 kg, BMI = 22.064

2015

2015-01-28 morning, my weight = 61.3 kg, BMI = 22.246

2015-02-28 morning, my weight = 61.8 kg, BMI = 22.427

2015-03-28 morning, my weight = 61.8 kg, BMI = 22.427

2015-04-28 morning, my weight = 62,5. kg, BMI = 22.681

2015-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2015-06-28 morning, my weight = 63.6 kg, BMI = 23.080###

2015-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2015-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2015-09-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2015-10-28 morning, my weight = 63.2 kg, BMI = 22.935

2015-11-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2015-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2016

2016-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2016-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.790

2016-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2016-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2016-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2016-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2016-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2016-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2016-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.790

2016-10-28 morning, my weight = 62,5. kg, BMI = 22.681

2016-11-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2016-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2017

2017-01-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2017-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.644

2017-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.789

2017-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.609

2017-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2017-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2017-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2017-08-28 morning, my weight = 61.9 kg, BMI = 22.463

2017-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2017-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2017-11-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2017-12-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2018

My Weight 2018-01-28 0934 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2018-02-28 0915 hr 60.7 kg BMI 22.027

My Weight 2018-03-28 0620 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2018-04-28 1005 hr 61.7 kg BMI 22.390

My Weight 2018-05-28 0856 hr 60.5 kg BMI 21.955

My Weight 2018-06-28 0600 hr 61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2018-07-28 0600 hr 62.2 kg BMI 22.572

My Weight 2018-08-28 0720 hr 61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2018-09-28 0805 hr 62.1 kg BMI 22.535

My Weight 2018-10-28 0750 hr 61.3 kg BMI 22.24

My Weight 2018-11-28 1000 hr 61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2018-12-28 0650 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2019

2019-01-28 at 1000 hr 60.9 kg BMI 22.100

2019-02-28 at 0946 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

2019-03-28 at 0700 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-04-28 at 0828 hr 62.9 kg BMI 22.826

2019-05-28 at 0745 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.826

2019-06-28 at 0650 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-07-28 at 0736 hr 62.8 kg BMI 22.789

2019-08-28 at 0629 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-09-28 at 0644 hr 61.9 kg BMI 22.463

2019-10-28 at 0740 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2019-11-28 at 0632 hr 62.8 kg BMI 22.789

2019-12-28 at 0726 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2020

My Weight 2020-01-28 0625 HR  62.6 kg BMI 22.717

My Weight 2020-02-28 0728 HR  62.3 kg BMI 22.608

My Weight 2020-03-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2020-04-28 0810 HR  62.0 kg BMI 22.499

My Weight 2020-05-28 0714 HR  62.3 kg BMI 22.608

My Weight 2020-06-28 0757 HR  60.2 kg BMI 21.846

My Weight 2020-07-28 0715 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2020-08-28 0707 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2020-09-28 0609 HR  60.8 kg BMI 22.064

My Weight 2020-10-28 0818 HR  60.7 kg BMI 22.027

My Weight 2020-11-28 0706 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2020-12-28 0631 HR  60.5 kg BMI 21.955

2021

My Weight 2021-01-28 0638 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-02-28 0741 HR  61.2 kg BMI 22.209

My Weight 2021-03-28 0659 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-04-28 0659 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2021-05-28 0618 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2021-06-28 0604 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-07-28 0642 HR  61.2 kg BMI 22.209

My Weight 2021-08-28 0653 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2021-09-28 0618 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2021-10-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2021-11-28 0630 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-12-28 0528 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

======================================

2022

My Weight 2022-01-28 0910 HR  61.1 kg  BMI 22.173

My Weight 2022-02-28 0642 HR  61.2 kg  BMI 22.209

My Weight 2022-03-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2022-04-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2022-05-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2022-06-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2022-07-28 0700 HR  60.6 kg  BMI 21.991

My Weight 2022-08-28 0640 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2022-09-28 0738 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2022-10-28 0708 HR  61.5 kg  BMI 22.318

My Weight 2022-11-28 0706 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2022-12-28 0722 HR  61.1 kg  BMI 22.173

========

2023

My Weight 2023-01-28 0537 HR 60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2023-02-28 0515 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2023-03-28 0606 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2023-04-28 0738 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2023-05-28 0721 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2023-06-28 0641 HR  61.2 kg  BMI 22.209

My Weight 2023-07-28 0700 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2023-08-28 0655 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2022-09-28 0738 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2022-10-28 0708 HR  61.5 kg  BMI 22.318

My Weight 2023-11-28 0612 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2023-12-28 0734HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245


========

2024

My Weight 2024-01-28 0734 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2024-02-28 0510 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2024-03-28 0642 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2024-04-28 0721 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-05-28 0537 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2024-06-28 0651 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2024-07-28 0612 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2024-08-28 0747 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-09-28 0640 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-10-28 0546 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2024-11-28 0706 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2024-12-28 0649 HR 61.9 kg BMI 22.463

=======================================

2025

My Weight 2025-01-28 0625 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2025-02-28 0742 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2025-03-28 0640 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2025-04-28 0734 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2025-05-28 0738 HR  61.8 kg  BMI 22.427

My Weight 2025-06-28 0606 HR  62.6 kg  BMI 22.717

My Weight 2025-07-28 0757 HR  62.7 kg  BMI 22.753

My Weight 2025-08-28 0546 HR  62.6 kg, BMI 22.717

My Weight 2025-09-28 0540 HR  62.2 kg BMI 22.572

My Weight 2025-10-28 0516 HR  62.4 kg BMI 22.644

=========================

Note:

My current BMI is within the healthy range of 18.5 to 22.9.

For me, the range of healthy weight is 50.9786 kg (BMI = 18.5) to 63.10324 kg (BMI = 22.9).

People with BMI values of 23 kg/m2 (or 25 kg/m2 according to some sources) and above have been found to be at risk of developing heart disease and diabetes.

To be healthy, I must have a healthy weight.

Be as lean as possible without being underweight, as recommended by World Cancer Prevention Foundation, United Kingdom.

=================================

Note: On 2021-05-28, I removed the unimportant details of old records from My Weight Management Records.

=================================


Ref. WeightManagement



My Weight 2025-10-28



My Weight
2025-10-28
0516 HR 
62.4 kg
BMI 22.644

早安 2025-10-28

陈诗龙:我国正认真研究核能部署可行性

zaobao singaporeZaobao

陈诗龙:我国正认真研究核能部署可行性

发布/2025年10月27日 09:49
第18届新加坡国际能源周星期一(10月27日)开幕。主管能源与科技事务的人力部长陈诗龙医生为新加坡能源讲座致辞时说,我国正认真研究核能部署。 (李冠卫摄)
第18届新加坡国际能源周星期一(10月27日)开幕。主管能源与科技事务的人力部长陈诗龙医生为新加坡能源讲座致辞时说,我国正认真研究核能部署。 (李冠卫摄)
-----

辐射在生活中无处不在,但并非想象中那么可怕。即使住在运行中的核电厂附近,年均接受的辐射剂量仅约0.001毫希沃特,相当于胸腔X光检测辐射的2%,或吃下10根香蕉的吸收量。

第18届新加坡国际能源周星期一(10月27日)开幕。主管能源与科技事务的人力部长陈诗龙医生为新加坡能源讲座致辞时说:“新加坡正在认真研究部署核能的可能,尤其是小型模块化反应堆等新型技术。核能有潜力成为安全、可靠且具有成本竞争力的能源选择。”

我国不排除未来当核能技术安全可行时,采用核能发电,但目前尚未决定是否要使用核能。陈诗龙说:“我们知道公众对核能部署计划有很多疑问,我们会在过程中定期与公众交流。作为第一步,我们发布了《新加坡核能力建设背景报告》,概括新加坡对核能的兴趣,以及政府迄今推进的核能力建设工作。”

这份16页的报告综述新加坡过去13年在核能力建设上的努力,也阐明核技术持续发展下,设计上已相当安全。

报告指出,核能发电不仅有助加强能源韧性,也能减少能源领域对环境的影响。

能源局与美国两个国际机构合力加强核能力建设

我国去年7月与美国签署民用核能《123协定》,促进核相关知识与技术分享和交流。今年5月也与法国签署了类似的合作协定。

去年7月31日,我国外交部长维文医生(右)与美国时任国务卿布林肯签署关于民用核能的《123协定》。(档案照片)
去年7月31日,我国外交部长维文医生(右)与美国时任国务卿布林肯签署关于民用核能的《123协定》。(档案照片)

陈诗龙透露,今年9月美国把新加坡列入授权目的地之一,有助新加坡获取美国核能关键技术信息。

他也宣布,能源市场管理局将在本届能源周,与独立非盈利应用科学和科技机构巴特尔纪念研究所(Battelle Memorial Institute)签署谅解备忘录,借助研究所在美国的网络资源和专才技术优势,推进核能和前沿反应堆技术的研究。

能源局也与爱达荷国家实验室(Idaho National Laboratory)签署意向书,同意协力拟定《合作研发协定》,在先进核技术的研究、技术评估和能力建设上展开合作。

美国能源部长赖特(Chris Wright)致辞时对新加坡的经济增长高度肯定,也期待新加坡未来的经济发展。“我们希望成为新加坡在科技、人工智能,以及所有能源事务的合作伙伴。”

赖特也邀请陈诗龙明年访问爱达荷国家实验室,视察到时已以演示模式启用的反应堆。赖特说,小型模块化反应堆预计接下来几年就能投入运作,这可能是新美未来合作的一方面。

能源局和环境局在招聘中

能源局也已成立核能署,以评估在新加坡部署先进核能技术用于发电的可行性。国家环境局作为辐射与核安全监管机构,也成立核安全处来深化核安全、核安保与核保障方面的专业知识。两家机构都在招聘中。

能源局也计划最迟明年成立顾问团,在涉及核能技术、法律和组织的19个关键领域提供专业指引。

我国早在2014年已成立新加坡核能研究与安全倡议组织;今年,新加坡核研究与安全院启动,为核科研工作提供更多空间与先进设备。

设在新加坡国立大学校内的新加坡核研究与安全院占地1万2900平方米,楼高五层,地下层设实验室。(档案照片)
设在新加坡国立大学校内的新加坡核研究与安全院占地1万2900平方米,楼高五层,地下层设实验室。(档案照片)

核能发展也在区域受到关注,上周举行的亚细安能源部长会议上,亚细安成员国也针对亚细安核电厂发展框架展开初步讨论,以建立与国际原子能机构一致的安全标准。

到2034年 清洁能源劳动队伍料扩大约六成

为减少碳排放并提高能源韧性,我国多管齐下推动能源转型,除了研究核能,也部署超过1.7千兆峰瓦太阳能,料能在2030年前更早达成至少2千兆峰瓦的目标。

陈诗龙指出,基于土地限制,到2050年,太阳能料只能最多满足我国一成的电力需求。“部署太阳能是必要的,但仍不足够。”

我国也在发掘用地热能发电的契机,去年启动了为期两年的全国非侵入式勘测,以评估我国地下深达10公里处的热能资源潜力。陈诗龙说:“预计明年这个时候,我们便能了解可以捕获多少地热能。”

他强调,不能单靠一种能源方案,须构建多元可持续能源组合,确切的能源组合取决于技术发展和商业轨迹。

能源转型也带来就业机遇,两年一次的能源领域人力调查预测,随着储能和电力进口等需求增加,清洁能源劳动队伍到2034年料扩大约六成或1000人。

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