联合早报星期五社论(2026-05-29)：多元语言是我们的身份底色

联合早报星期五社论(2026-05-29)：多元语言是我们的身份底色

https://www.zaobao.com.sg/forum/editorial/story20260528-9122157?utm_source=android-share&utm_medium=app

联合早报

2026-05-28 线上

2026-05-29 报纸

=====

新加坡政策研究所星期一（5月25日）发表的工作论文《新加坡的语言认同与管理：政策研究所种族、宗教与语言调查》发现，新加坡式英语无论作为国民身份认同标志的地位，还是在日常生活中的使用频率，都在不断攀升。与此同时，华族对母语水平过去10年的变化，评价明显更为悲观。

跟宗教信仰一样，语言在多元种族且建国历史不长的新加坡，一直是无法摆脱政治敏感性的公共课题。可喜的是，随着国民教育程度提高，国家身份认同雏形慢慢浮现，国人开始能够以更理性平和的态度积极探讨。

语言是身份认同的重要表达形式，在多元种族、宗教和语言的新加坡尤其显著。如何在多语环境凝聚国民身份认同，是建国以来持续讨论的课题。在社会舆论中，有一种观点认为，应当通过统一语言来建立集体身份认同；而新加坡社会的主流观念，同时也是政府的长期态度，则主张多元下的团结，强调多元性才是新加坡特殊身份认同形成的基石。任何观点都必须经得住具体情景的检验，才能成为有利于国家发展和社会团结的全民共识。多元是新加坡建国的既定事实，也被视为国家和社会韧性的来源。经过几代人的细心经营，在谨慎的实践中逐渐被证明有效。

在语言和教育上，这表现为双语政策，各族保留母语作为文化价值和社会规范的根基，同时使用英语彼此和对外沟通。经历数十年的发展，表现在日常的语言使用上，新加坡式英语的普及，或许反映我们对语言的生命力应当有更多的尊重，不必过多干预。这一在英语中掺杂本地不同母语，在语法、用词、语调上都更灵活，能随时切换语码的表达方式，极具独特的本地特色，容易拉近使用者的情感共鸣，产生身份认同共振。不过，尽管学界已开始零星地从语言学、社会学等角度研究新加坡式英语，但新加坡人大多明白，它目前仍然只适合平时的社交，还缺乏足够的厚度来作为高深思辨的工具，所以不宜在须要得体表达的正式工作场合使用。

新加坡式英语的例子似乎更贴近多元合一的观点，新加坡多元的母语，是滋养国民集体身份认同的关键养分。语言表达感受，感受来自生活，南洋特殊的地理环境，必然让各种母语发展出南洋特色，建国前的南洋画风，建国后的新华文学等，都是这类特色的表现，如今母语更滋养出能拉近国民情感的新加坡式英语，证明强化母语教育，有助于增强集体身份认同。在地缘政治意义上，身为东南亚的一员，各族母语的存在体现对移民历史的尊重和传承，以及对所在地理现实的认同。因此对比单语化，多元合一更加贴近有利新加坡生存发展的条件。美国开国先驱远渡重洋从英国带来的母语，在新的土地上开枝散叶，形成具有北美特色的新国家文化。新加坡人在看待自身的母语时，也应当有足够的文化意识和自信。

新加坡多元的语言环境反衬和谐沟通的重要性，而包容性又是多元和谐的基本前提。包容的意义是双向的，一方面，在新加坡式英语能登堂入室前，在公共场合以正规英语作为主要共同语言，让各族国人都不会感觉遭歧视。自主选择加入新加坡社会的新移民群体，须要适应并尽快养成自觉尊重多元的国民意识。同理，这种包容性同样也应展现在公共场合，能更多地出现各种母语的标志如指示牌和信息广播，让母语充分舒展生命力，有机会发展出有别于文化来源地的南洋特色，并让英语能力缺乏或不强的老一辈国人，不会感到自外于社会主流。

在拥抱多元化、在多元的基础上建立独特新加坡认同的问题上，我国也面对另一重隐忧，就是社会渐趋单语化。不少商号只用英文，一些新组屋小区的命名也罕见母语，母语在家庭中的使用减少而更多家庭把英语作为主要语言，都反映这个趋势。这或许是能提高生活效率的便宜之举，但始终有违当前多元化的方向。这或许也是为何在政策研究所的调研中，华族对母语水平过去10年的变化感到悲观。多元母语滋养出的新加坡式英语，带给我们身份自信，但也有很多人希望政府在推广四种官方语言能力上，发挥更积极的作用，说明社会依然珍视母语的价值。接下来，举国上下须要把信念化成更具体的行动，让多元语言构成新加坡身份认同的底色。

OPPO: I have a phone model "OPPO A9 2020" . How can I copy photos and videos from the OPPO built-in photo app to a type-C-cum-USB thumb drive?

To copy photos and videos from your OPPO A9 2020 to a dual Type-C/USB thumb drive, you need to enable a setting called OTG (On-The-Go) connection first. OPPO phones turn this setting off automatically after 10 minutes of inactivity to save power.

## Step 1: Enable OTG Connection

   1. Open Settings on your OPPO phone.

   2. Scroll down and tap Additional Settings.

   3. Toggle on OTG Connection.

## Step 2: Plug in the Drive

   1. Insert the Type-C end of the flash drive into the bottom of your phone.

   2. Wait for a notification that says "USB drive connected" or opens the File Manager.

## Step 3: Copy Your Media

   1. Open the built-in File Manager app (not the Photos app, as File Manager handles moving files easier).

   2. Tap Photos or Videos under the Categories section.

   3. Press and hold on a photo/video to select it, then tick all the files you want.

   4. Tap Copy (or Move if you want to delete them from the phone) at the bottom of the screen.

   5. Tap the back arrow to return to the main File Manager screen.

   6. Select OTG or USB Drive from the storage list.

   7. Choose a folder inside your flash drive and tap Paste (or To Here).

## Step 4: Safely Disconnect

   1. Swipe down from the top of your screen to open the notification panel.

   2. Tap Tap to safely remove USB device (or turn off OTG in Settings) before unplugging the drive.

To help you manage your storage better, let me know:

* Are you trying to free up space on your phone completely?

* Do you have large 4K videos that might take a long time to transfer?

* Would you like instructions on how to back up to a cloud service instead?

My Weight Statistics (2026-05-28) Ref. JN1 - Monthly Weight Measurement on the 28th of Each Month Since 28 May 2007

My Weight Statistics (2026-05-28) Ref. JN1 - Monthly Weight Measurement on the 28th of Each Month Since 28 May 2007

My 19-year Weight Management Records from 2007-05-28 to 2026-05-28 (by Calorie Restriction, i.e. Dietary Energy Restriction) (Ref. JN1)

My 19-year Weight Management Records from 2007-05-28 to 2026-05-28 (by Calorie Restriction, i.e. Dietary Energy Restriction) (Ref. JN1):

Note: According to the Singapore Health Promotion Board, a Healthy BMI is greater than18.5 and less than 23.0. A BMI less than 18.5 would mean that the individual is at risk of nutrition deficiency diseases and osteoporosis. 

A BMI equal or greater than 23.0 would mean that the individual is at risk of obesity-related diseases. (Ref: DD-Md2022J28)

As of 2026-05-28,

Note: ### indicates BMI = 23 or > 23

Total number of Monthly Weight monitored was 228 (100%)

The no. of times my healthy BMI between 18.5 and 22.9 was 223 (97.807%)

The no. of times my unhealthy BMI equal or more than 23.000 was 5 (2.193%)

=======================

2007

2007-05-28 morning, my weight = 65.0 kg, BMI = 23.588###

2007-06-28 morning, my weight = 61.0 kg, BMI = 22.136

2007-07-28 morning, my weight = 59.0 kg, BMI = 21.410

2007-08-28 morning, my weight = 58.7 kg, BMI = 21.302

2007-09-28 morning, my weight = 57.5 kg, BMI = 20.866

2007-10-28 morning, my weight = 57.5 kg, BMI = 20.866

2007-11-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2007-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2008

2008-01-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2008-02-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2008-03-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-04-28 morning, my weight = 54.4 kg, BMI = 19.741

2008-05-28 morning, my weight = 54.1 kg, BMI = 19.632

2008-06-28 morning, my weight = 54.6 kg, BMI = 19.814

2008-07-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-08-28 morning, my weight = 54.3 kg, BMI = 19.705

2008-09-28 morning, my weight = 54.9 kg, BMI = 19.923

2008-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.3 kg, BMI = 20.068

2008-11-28 morning, my weight = 54.5 kg, BMI = 19.777

2008-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2009

2009-01-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2009-02-28 morning, my weight = 55.9 kg, BMI = 20.285

2009-03-28 morning, my weight = 54.8 kg, BMI = 19.886

2009-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.3 kg, BMI = 20.068

2009-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104.

2009-06-28 morning, my weight = 55.2 kg, BMI = 20.031

2009-07-28 morning, my weight = 55.1 kg, BMI = 19.995

2009-08-28 morning, my weight = 55.2 kg, BMI = 20.031

2009-09-28 morning, my weight = 56.3 kg, BMI = 20.431

2009-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2009-11-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2009-12-28 morning, my weight = 56.1 kg, BMI = 20.358

2010

2010-01-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2010-02-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2010-03-28 morning, my weight = 56.4 kg, BMI = 20.467

2010-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.7 kg, BMI = 20.213

2010-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.1 kg, BMI = 19.995

2010-06-28 morning, my weight = 56.4 kg, BMI = 20.467

2010-07-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2010-08-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2010-09-28 morning, my weight = 55.8 kg, BMI = 20.249

2010-10-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104

2010-11-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2010-12-28 morning, my weight = 55.5 kg, BMI = 20.140

2011

2011-01-28 morning, my weight = 55.4 kg, BMI = 20.104

2011-02-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2011-03-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2011-04-28 morning, my weight = 55.7 kg, BMI = 20.213

2011-05-28 morning, my weight = 55.6 kg, BMI = 20.177

2011-06-28 morning, my weight = 56.3 kg, BMI = 20.431

2011-07-28 morning, my weight = 56.5 kg, BMI = 20.503

2011-08-28 morning, my weight = 56.9 kg, BMI = 20.649

2011-09-28 morning, my weight = 56.2 kg, BMI = 20.394

2011-10-28 morning, my weight = 56.8 kg, BMI = 20.613

2011-11-28 morning, my weight = 59.0 kg, BMI = 21.410

2011-12-28 morning, my weight = 60.3 kg, BMI = 21.882

2012

2012-01-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2012-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2012-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.5 kg, BMI = 22.681

2012-04-28 morning, my weight = 61.3 kg, BMI = 22.246

2012-05-28 morning, my weight = 60.7 kg, BMI = 22.028

2012-06-28 morning, my weight = 60.6 kg, BMI = 21.992

2012-07-28 morning, my weight = 61.2 kg, BMI = 22.209

2012-08-28 morning, my weight = 60.8 kg, BMI = 22.064

2012-09-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318**

2012-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2012-11-28 morning, my weight = 63.4 kg, BMI = 23.008###

2012-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2013

2013-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2013-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2013-03-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2013-04-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg, BMI = 22.899****

2013-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2013-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2013-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2013-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg BMI = 22.717

2013-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg BMI = 22.645**

2013-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2013-11-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg BMI = 22.899

2013-12-28 morning, my weight = 64.4 kg BMI = 23.371###

2014

2014-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.6 kg, BMI = 23.080###

2014-02-28 morning, my weight = 63.3 kg, BMI = 22.971

2014-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2014-06-28 morning, my weight = 63.1 kg BMI = 22.899

2014-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.7 kg, BMI = 22.753

2014-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2014-09-28 morning, my weight = 61.2 kg, BMI = 22.209

2014-10-28 morning, my weight = 61.4 kg, BMI = 22.282

2014-11-28 morning, my weight = 60.2 kg, BMI = 21.846

2014-12-28 morning, my weight = 60.8 kg, BMI = 22.064

2015

2015-01-28 morning, my weight = 61.3 kg, BMI = 22.246

2015-02-28 morning, my weight = 61.8 kg, BMI = 22.427

2015-03-28 morning, my weight = 61.8 kg, BMI = 22.427

2015-04-28 morning, my weight = 62,5. kg, BMI = 22.681

2015-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2015-06-28 morning, my weight = 63.6 kg, BMI = 23.080###

2015-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2015-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2015-09-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2015-10-28 morning, my weight = 63.2 kg, BMI = 22.935

2015-11-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2015-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg BMI = 22.609

2016

2016-01-28 morning, my weight = 63.0 kg, BMI = 22.863

2016-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.790

2016-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2016-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2016-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2016-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2016-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2016-08-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2016-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.790

2016-10-28 morning, my weight = 62,5. kg, BMI = 22.681

2016-11-28 morning, my weight = 62.1 kg, BMI = 22.536

2016-12-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.608

2017

2017-01-28 morning, my weight = 62.9 kg, BMI = 22.826

2017-02-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.644

2017-03-28 morning, my weight = 62.8 kg, BMI = 22.789

2017-04-28 morning, my weight = 62.3 kg, BMI = 22.609

2017-05-28 morning, my weight = 62.2 kg, BMI = 22.572

2017-06-28 morning, my weight = 62.6 kg, BMI = 22.717

2017-07-28 morning, my weight = 62.4 kg, BMI = 22.645

2017-08-28 morning, my weight = 61.9 kg, BMI = 22.463

2017-09-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2017-10-28 morning, my weight = 62.0 kg, BMI = 22.499

2017-11-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2017-12-28 morning, my weight = 61.5 kg, BMI = 22.318

2018

My Weight 2018-01-28 0934 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2018-02-28 0915 hr 60.7 kg BMI 22.027

My Weight 2018-03-28 0620 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2018-04-28 1005 hr 61.7 kg BMI 22.390

My Weight 2018-05-28 0856 hr 60.5 kg BMI 21.955

My Weight 2018-06-28 0600 hr 61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2018-07-28 0600 hr 62.2 kg BMI 22.572

My Weight 2018-08-28 0720 hr 61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2018-09-28 0805 hr 62.1 kg BMI 22.535

My Weight 2018-10-28 0750 hr 61.3 kg BMI 22.24

My Weight 2018-11-28 1000 hr 61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2018-12-28 0650 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2019

2019-01-28 at 1000 hr 60.9 kg BMI 22.100

2019-02-28 at 0946 hr 61.0 kg BMI 22.136

2019-03-28 at 0700 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-04-28 at 0828 hr 62.9 kg BMI 22.826

2019-05-28 at 0745 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.826

2019-06-28 at 0650 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-07-28 at 0736 hr 62.8 kg BMI 22.789

2019-08-28 at 0629 hr 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

2019-09-28 at 0644 hr 61.9 kg BMI 22.463

2019-10-28 at 0740 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2019-11-28 at 0632 hr 62.8 kg BMI 22.789

2019-12-28 at 0726 hr 62.5 kg BMI 22.681

2020

My Weight 2020-01-28 0625 HR  62.6 kg BMI 22.717

My Weight 2020-02-28 0728 HR  62.3 kg BMI 22.608

My Weight 2020-03-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg BMI 22.281

My Weight 2020-04-28 0810 HR  62.0 kg BMI 22.499

My Weight 2020-05-28 0714 HR  62.3 kg BMI 22.608

My Weight 2020-06-28 0757 HR  60.2 kg BMI 21.846

My Weight 2020-07-28 0715 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2020-08-28 0707 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2020-09-28 0609 HR  60.8 kg BMI 22.064

My Weight 2020-10-28 0818 HR  60.7 kg BMI 22.027

My Weight 2020-11-28 0706 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2020-12-28 0631 HR  60.5 kg BMI 21.955

2021

My Weight 2021-01-28 0638 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-02-28 0741 HR  61.2 kg BMI 22.209

My Weight 2021-03-28 0659 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-04-28 0659 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2021-05-28 0618 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2021-06-28 0604 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-07-28 0642 HR  61.2 kg BMI 22.209

My Weight 2021-08-28 0653 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2021-09-28 0618 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2021-10-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg BMI 22.136

My Weight 2021-11-28 0630 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2021-12-28 0528 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

======================================

2022

My Weight 2022-01-28 0910 HR  61.1 kg  BMI 22.173

My Weight 2022-02-28 0642 HR  61.2 kg  BMI 22.209

My Weight 2022-03-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2022-04-28 0649 HR  61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2022-05-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2022-06-28 0549 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2022-07-28 0700 HR  60.6 kg  BMI 21.991

My Weight 2022-08-28 0640 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2022-09-28 0738 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2022-10-28 0708 HR  61.5 kg  BMI 22.318

My Weight 2022-11-28 0706 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2022-12-28 0722 HR  61.1 kg  BMI 22.173

========

2023

My Weight 2023-01-28 0537 HR 60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2023-02-28 0515 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2023-03-28 0606 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2023-04-28 0738 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2023-05-28 0721 HR  61.0 kg  BMI 22.136

My Weight 2023-06-28 0641 HR  61.2 kg  BMI 22.209

My Weight 2023-07-28 0700 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2023-08-28 0655 HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

My Weight 2022-09-28 0738 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2022-10-28 0708 HR  61.5 kg  BMI 22.318

My Weight 2023-11-28 0612 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2023-12-28 0734HR  61.3 kg  BMI 22.245

========

2024

My Weight 2024-01-28 0734 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2024-02-28 0510 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2024-03-28 0642 HR  60.9 kg BMI 22.100

My Weight 2024-04-28 0721 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-05-28 0537 HR  61.3 kg BMI 22.245

My Weight 2024-06-28 0651 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2024-07-28 0612 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2024-08-28 0747 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-09-28 0640 HR  61.1 kg BMI 22.173

My Weight 2024-10-28 0546 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2024-11-28 0706 HR 61.4 kg  BMI 22.281

My Weight 2024-12-28 0649 HR 61.9 kg BMI 22.463

=======================================

2025

My Weight 2025-01-28 0625 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2025-02-28 0742 HR  61.5 kg BMI 22.318

My Weight 2025-03-28 0640 HR  61.6 kg BMI 22.354

My Weight 2025-04-28 0734 HR  61.7 kg  BMI 22.390

My Weight 2025-05-28 0738 HR  61.8 kg  BMI 22.427

My Weight 2025-06-28 0606 HR  62.6 kg  BMI 22.717

My Weight 2025-07-28 0757 HR  62.7 kg  BMI 22.753

My Weight 2025-08-28 0546 HR  62.6 kg, BMI 22.717

My Weight 2025-09-28 0540 HR  62.2 kg BMI 22.572

My Weight 2025-10-28 0516 HR  62.4 kg BMI 22.644

My Weight 2025-11-28 0810 HR  62.1 kg BMI 22.535

My Weight 2025-12-28 0702 HR  62.2 kg BMI 22.572

=========================

2026

My Weight 2026-01-28 0733 HR 61.9 kg BMI 22.463

My Weight 2026-02-28 0649 HR 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

My Weight 2026-03-28 0511 HR 62.1 kg BMI 22.535

My Weight 2026-04-28 0523 HR 62.4 kg BMI 22.644

My Weight 2026-05-28 0521 HR 61.8 kg  BMI 22.427

=========================

Note:

My current BMI is within the healthy range of 18.5 to 22.9.

For me, the range of healthy weight is 50.9786 kg (BMI = 18.5) to 63.10324 kg (BMI = 22.9).

People with BMI values of 23 kg/m2 (or 25 kg/m2 according to some sources) and above have been found to be at risk of developing heart disease and diabetes.

To be healthy, I must have a healthy weight.

Be as lean as possible without being underweight, as recommended by World Cancer Prevention Foundation, United Kingdom.

=================================

Note: On 2021-05-28, I removed the unimportant details of old records from My Weight Management Records.

=================================

Ref. WeightManagement

My Weight 2026-05-28

My Weight

2026-05-28

0521 HR 

61.8 kg

BMI 22.427

AI时代与大学的人文教育

AI时代与大学的人文教育

供订户阅读

https://www.zaobao.com.sg/forum/views/story20260527-9115387?utm_source=android-share&utm_medium=app

2026-05-27

作者王昌伟教授 (Professor ONG Chang Woei) 任教于新加坡国立大学中文系，本文纯属个人意见

=====

文科最珍贵的训练方法，即学习者通过文本细读，提升对自我和世界的体验和认知，决不能轻易放弃。不过，棘手的是，和理工科比较，文科的价值难以量化，因此经常被视为毫无实用价值的学问。

新加坡国立大学校长陈永财教授近日分别于中英文报，发表题为《AI之于思考：消解抑或增益》的大作，指出人工智能（AI）虽然给我们带来前所未有的便利，却也导致人类珍贵的学习能力迅速萎缩。如今因为获取信息和针对问题的解决方案过于简易，使得通过学习和思考寻找答案的过程显得多余。久而久之，人类很有可能逐渐丧失独立思考的能力，甚至连如何发问都不会。

因此，教育的当务之急，是重新以人为本位，发掘人之所以为人的特质。唯有如此，我们才能真正让AI为我们所用，而不是让AI操纵。

作为一名人文学者，本应对我校校长大作和人文精神十分契合而感到鼓舞，毕竟文科的本质，就是在探讨“人何以为人”这个大问题。但拜读全文后，我却倍感沉重。

陈校长的提醒的确很重要，但却相当常见。AI所带来的变化固然是根本性的，但这其实是长期以来，所有担忧社会重理轻文的趋势，会导致人文教育受忽视的有识之士的共识。换言之，问题存在已久，但大家似乎都找不到解决的方案，AI不过是让这个问题更为凸显而已。

在这个时代，人文教育也须要善用AI，这是不言而喻的，而毫无节制地使用AI所可能带来的灾难性后果，大家也多有警惕。当下的挑战是，如何把大家都明白的道理，转化为具体行动。

坦白说，置身大学体制之中，我更能体会人文教育理想，何以频频遭遇挫折，也不认为按照现有高等教育的模式，能真正帮助学生在掌握AI的同时，避开因过于依赖AI所带来的种种负面影响。

我自身的学习经历，从本科到博士阶段，获益最多的，总是老师带着我们细读文、史、哲的经典和学者的研究成果，并在阅读的过程中提出一些“大哉问”（big questions），引领我们去深入思考和讨论文本的世界，和我们所处的社会的关系。通过和老师与同学的深度交流，才能真正达到陈校长大作中所说的“复杂推理、深度分析、伦理判断、共情体察、有温度的人际联结”的境界。

这是一种涓涓细流式的教育方式，急不来，沒有捷径可走，也是一种非常“昂贵”的教学方式。我们经常听到的一个说法是，任何的制度都须要确保“可持续性”（sustainability），而单纯从经费投入的角度而言，这样的教学法，显然无法符合一般人心中所期待的可持续性模式。

今天因为科技的发展，无论是教或学，已经和过往有很大的不同，我们当然也不应该死守一套方法。在AI时代，人文教育当然也须要与时俱进，进行适当的改革。可是文科最珍贵的训练方法，即学习者通过文本细读，提升对自我和世界的体验和认知，决不能轻易放弃。

不过，棘手的是，和理工科比较，文科的价值难以量化，因此，当能够带来多少经济效益、能不能立竿见影提供解决当下问题的方案，成为衡量一门学科的价值的标准时，文科经常被视为一种毫无实用价值的学问。

文科应确立为大学教育核心而非点缀

使问题雪上加霜的是，当前整个社会，上自政府，下至家长学生，普遍倾向从培养学生就业能力（employability）的角度理解大学教育。说得极端一点，就是把大学视为高级的职业培训所。大学课程，总是被要求能为市场、企业培养所需的人才。

与其他学科相比，文科在这种观念下的处境尤为艰难。人文学者往往费尽心力，试图证明研究与教学具有“市场”价值，却常常收效甚微。也因此，一旦涉及教育与学术经费分配，文科往往被置于边缘位置。每逢财政紧缩，文科经费首当其冲被削减，这种做法在世界各地早已屡见不鲜。

如果因为AI的出现，使得“人何以为人”这个问题显得更为迫切，那文科就应该被确立为大学教育的核心，而不是点缀。文科的发展自然得适应新时代，不过究竟该如何进行，也许现在大家都还没有答案。无论如何，我们首先要摆脱的，就是以经济效益、实用性、市场需求衡量大学教育的惯性思维。这么说不是自命清高，而是正视一个根本的问题：当创造所谓的经济效益等等，都能由AI代劳了，我们如果还把注意力集中在这个方面，又如何能够真正做到陈校长文章中说的，“让‘人性’的轮廓越发清晰”，确保AI不会取代人性？

在AI时代，坚定以人为本、厘清人之所以为人的特质，确是大学教育的当务之急。但若要真正落实这一理念，而不只是停留在口号层面，我们就必须重新确立大学有别于职业培训所的价值，同时反思文科在现行大学体制中的位置，突出它难以量化却不可或缺的价值。此时此刻，教育决策者尤其须要跳脱以市场需求或收支计算来理解“可持续性”的惯性思维。即使在财政紧缩的环境下，也应有逆势而行的决心，加大支持文科发展的力度，在守住核心价值与教学方式的同时，集思广益，推动它与时并进。

作者任教于新加坡国立大学中文系，本文纯属个人意见

AI: The AI risk of losing the skills you’ve mastered over the years

The AI risk of losing the skills you’ve mastered over the years

When it becomes our GPS, it dulls the mind’s ability to handle complex problems. That needs attention.

https://str.sg/vUn4

The Straits Times 

2026-05-18

By---Professor Tan Eng Chye is president of the National University of Singapore.

======

Walk into any seminar room on Kent Ridge campus and you can feel the ground shifting. Not because the hunger to learn is waning or the embers of curiosity dimming, but because the very idea of education has been turned on its head, thanks to AI.

Learning was like scaling a peak – you researched, debated, lost your way, meandered, regained your bearings, kept climbing and finally earned the panorama.

Today, information arrives instantly, packaged in fluent paragraphs, bullet points and step-by-step solutions. The ascent takes a split second but the struggle is missing.

Clearly, AI has accelerated learning – but has it sharpened critical thinking, or is this precious ability that sets humans apart now at the risk of atrophy?  

Spectre of de-skilling

Education is anchored by two enduring pillars: learning and thinking. When we learn something, we imbibe new facts, frameworks, vocabulary, methods and mental models – in a word, knowledge. But this process of acquiring knowledge is not complete until critical thinking takes place: when we start to question, analyse and challenge what we have learnt, and go on to make new inferences and form new ideas and theories.   

Today, both pillars are not progressing in step. AI takes over the heavy lifting of information gathering and transmitting knowledge, but it does not necessarily help us sharpen the faculty that matters most: critical thinking. If anything, it nudges thinking towards atrophy.

Many of us risk treating AI like a GPS for the mind. While it offers the convenience of quick answers, it can dull our ability to build the internal map we need to navigate complex problems when technology is not there to guide us. If we only follow the prompts, we eventually lose our sense of direction. 

Research already bears this out. In 2021, a study was carried out to observe the effects of AI use on endoscopists’ skills before and after AI tools were introduced for the detection of precancerous growths during colonoscopy.

Three months after these tools were introduced, when endoscopists performed colonoscopies without the help of AI, there was a 6 per cent drop in the detection rate of these precancerous growths, indicating the risk of de-skilling from AI.

Similarly, MIT Media Lab researchers found in 2025 that those who used generative AI to write essays had a weaker sense of ownership over their work, and their electroencephalography tests – which measure the electrical activity of the brain – showed weaker connectivity.

Essentially, fewer parts of the brain were involved or coordinated in producing the essay. Over time, these participants underperformed across neural, linguistic and behavioural measures, raising the same concern of de-skilling.

Apart from “de-skilling”, AI also poses the risk of “never-skilling”, where one fails to even attain fundamental capabilities. Humans learn by asking questions – whether in the incessant “whys” of a child, or as eloquently set forth in the Socratic method still used in classrooms today. Yet AI obviates the need to ask independent questions, to follow through the process of grappling and working through layers of meaning to arrive at understanding.

This is especially the case with the paid, premium versions of AI which are more powerful, and can provide more sophisticated answers and prompts. Ironically, their higher perceived reliability could also lead to automation bias: Students are quicker to accept what they see wholesale, even where there are contradictions, without critically questioning it.  

The need for practical guardrails

With AI here to stay, we need practical guardrails rather than walls and fences. An example is the practice of AI-free periods by the National University Health System, during which healthcare professionals do not use AI tools for clinical work or assessments.

Similarly, in the financial sector, the Monetary Authority of Singapore is proposing guidelines on AI risk management for safe and responsible use of AI. Financial institutions need to ensure AI augments, not replaces, human judgment in high-stakes settings. Human experts must review and question AI outputs before any final decisions are made.

This is part of efforts to prevent de-skilling arising from an over-reliance on technology. This is not to say AI is eschewed – AI is already widely used to improve outcomes, efficiency and decision-making in healthcare, finance, legal and many other fields. What is required is a balance that requires careful calibration. 

The field of aviation provides an instructive example. Autopilot is common at cruising altitudes, but rarely used for take-off and landing; pilots are required to perform these critical manoeuvres themselves. Besides, aviation regulations mandate pilots to clock a certain number of take-offs and landings before they can fly. This keeps them sharp, well-oiled and in control.

Like pilots, we need to straddle that fine line between automation and the human, between building up our familiarity with AI, and training or working without it. 

What does this mean for educators? We must radically rethink our approach to pedagogy, but the true north of education is constant: to establish the foundations of thought. AI should not be a substitute for the basics of learning and thinking, just as calculators did not eliminate the need for mental arithmetic. Pedagogy must drive technology, not the other way round.

Some return to the basics with paper-and-pen exams, viva voce assessments and restricted internet access during high-stakes tests. This pivot away from take-home assessments is not an indictment of technology, but a safeguard to ensure that learning has taken place and essential skills have not withered away.

The challenge persists when students enter the workplace – care will need to be taken to sustain and strengthen their skills throughout professional life, ensuring that practised mastery and critical judgment do not dull over time. 

Beyond nurturing competent and confident AI users, we also need to build up thinkers who can lead the technology. This means developing people who understand how to build AI systems, how to steer them and, most importantly, how to question them. 

From climatologists leveraging AI to accelerate discovery in global medium-range weather forecasting, to lawyers integrating AI for enhanced legal research and case analysis, to urban planners deploying AI to model sustainable cities, these are not just users of technology. They are also domain AI architects who are shapers and stewards, wielding AI shrewdly to address challenges and solve problems.

Becoming more human with AI

AI, ironically, can help clarify what keeps us true and grounded: The “artificial” sharpens the understanding of the “human”.

Our capacity for complex reasoning, deep analysis, ethical judgment, acting with empathy and sensitivity, as well as meaningful connection – all this is what makes us human, and it is this that we should focus on developing. Used well, AI does not replace our humanity, it amplifies it. We flourish and become more human. 

There will be experiments that will fail, lessons we learn, moments of reckoning and “eureka” along the way. If we set our sights high and refuse to settle for the easy path, the potential for what we can achieve can be phenomenal.

Ultimately, our success will not be measured by the sophistication of our tools, but by our ability to nurture the resilience and creativity of our people. If we get it right, we will not just react to the future – we will also shape it.

Professor Tan Eng Chye is president of the National University of Singapore.